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Tools / Subnet calculator

Subnet calculator

Enter an address in CIDR notation and get the network address, broadcast address, subnet mask, wildcard mask and the usable host range — including the /31 and /32 edge cases most calculators get wrong.

Runs entirely in your browser

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About this tool

Subnetting is the arithmetic of dividing an IP network into smaller pieces, and getting it wrong leads to overlapping ranges, wasted addresses and hosts that cannot talk to each other. This calculator takes an IPv4 address in CIDR notation — like 192.168.1.0/24 — and works out everything that follows from it: the network address, the broadcast address, the subnet mask and its wildcard mask, and the range of usable host addresses.

It handles the edge cases many calculators get wrong. A /31 is treated as a two-address point-to-point link rather than a network with no usable hosts, and a /32 is recognised as a single-host route. Those distinctions matter in real configurations — router links and host routes both rely on them — so the tool reflects how the addresses are actually used.

It is a fast reference whether you are planning an address scheme, reading a firewall rule, or sanity-checking a configuration. Because it runs in your browser, you can work through internal addressing without sending any of your network layout to a server.

Frequently asked questions

What is CIDR notation?
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation writes a network as an address followed by a slash and a prefix length, such as /24. The prefix tells you how many leading bits are the network portion, which determines the size of the block.
What is the difference between the network and broadcast address?
The network address is the first address in a block and identifies the subnet itself; the broadcast address is the last and reaches all hosts on it. Neither is normally assignable to a host, which is why usable hosts fall between them.
How does this handle /31 and /32?
A /31 is treated as a two-address point-to-point link (per the standard for such links) rather than a subnet with zero usable hosts, and a /32 is recognised as a single-host route — the cases many calculators mishandle.
What is a wildcard mask?
A wildcard mask is the bitwise inverse of the subnet mask, used in some access-control and routing configurations. The tool shows it alongside the subnet mask so you can drop it straight into those rules.
Does it work for IPv6?
This calculator focuses on IPv4 CIDR. IPv6 uses much larger address space and different conventions, so IPv4 subnetting is what it is built to compute precisely, including the tricky edge cases.

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